{"id":5927,"date":"2025-05-07T11:03:39","date_gmt":"2025-05-07T11:03:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hetida.io\/univariate-data-plausibility-checks-in-water-management\/"},"modified":"2025-05-09T06:48:47","modified_gmt":"2025-05-09T06:48:47","slug":"univariate-data-plausibility-checks-in-water-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hetida.io\/en\/blog\/univariate-data-plausibility-checks-in-water-management\/","title":{"rendered":"Univariate data plausibility checks in water management"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"5927\" class=\"elementor elementor-5927 elementor-5864\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6ac29aa9 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6ac29aa9\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4714a1fd elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4714a1fd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Univariate data plausibility checks in water management<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7f243ee0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7f243ee0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The workflows of the hetida platform enable univariate data plausibility checks to quickly identify incorrect measured values. In this article, we describe how to proceed in such a case from the water industry.In this article, we describe how to proceed in such a case from the water industry.  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-775fa8bd elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"775fa8bd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-895850c elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"895850c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Purpose of the plausibility check<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ee7c596 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7ee7c596\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAccording to the S\u00fcwVO Abw. (Self-Monitoring Ordinance for Wastewater), the municipal drainage company is obliged to install continuously recording water level measuring devices in its storage sewer. Shortly before the quarterly report on the city&#8217;s sewer structures is due, an employee notices that the sensor has been sending strange readings for several days:  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31500e2b elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"31500e2b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pegeldaten-vor-der-Plausibilisierung.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Pegeldaten vor der Plausibilisierung\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTg3OCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2hldGlkYS5pb1wvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDVcL1BlZ2VsZGF0ZW4tdm9yLWRlci1QbGF1c2liaWxpc2llcnVuZy53ZWJwIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1415\" height=\"830\" src=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pegeldaten-vor-der-Plausibilisierung.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5878\" alt=\"Pegeldaten vor der Plausibilisierung\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pegeldaten-vor-der-Plausibilisierung.webp 1415w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pegeldaten-vor-der-Plausibilisierung-300x176.webp 300w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pegeldaten-vor-der-Plausibilisierung-1024x601.webp 1024w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Pegeldaten-vor-der-Plausibilisierung-768x450.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1415px) 100vw, 1415px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Water level sensor with a short period of missing values on 24.11.2024 from 07:30 and then implausibly high values.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b76ee78 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2b76ee78\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>On 24.11.2024, some values are initially missing, then the water level is suddenly three meters higher than before and thus even above the maximum level of 600 cm. During her investigations, the employee finds out that the sensor was reconfigured during the period of missing data &#8211; it is a distance-measuring water level sensor and the suspension height must have been set incorrectly. This is easy to fix. The only annoying thing is that the error only becomes apparent after two days of incorrect measurements.   <\/p>\n<p>To avoid implausible measurement data, the causes of errors must be identified and rectified as quickly as possible. To do this, we need <strong data-renderer-mark=\"true\">an automatic measurement data plausibility check that provides an overview of all incorrectly measuring sensors at a glance<\/strong>. We implement this requirement below in the IoT and analytics solution hetida platform. <\/p>\n<p>We proceed as follows:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>First, we visualize typical implausible data for each sensor type used by the urban drainage system.<\/li>\n<li>On this basis, we introduce univariate rules for the automatic detection of such implausibilities.<\/li>\n<li>We then use these rules to check the plausibility of measurement data by creating a hierarchy of all urban drainage sensors in the hetida platform and implementing workflows in hetida designer that execute the rules.<\/li>\n<li>Finally, we create a user-friendly dashboard in the hetida platform that shows all implausibilities in the data at a glance.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9c001a3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"9c001a3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Examples of implausible data<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1472a02 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1472a02\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tImplausible data can occur not only with water level measuring devices. The urban drainage system uses a variety of sensors to measure water levels, precipitation, temperatures and humidity values. Depending on the type of sensor, different patterns in the data are implausible. For temperature sensors, sudden outliers are not to be expected, but can occur due to hardware errors, for example:   \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-bfdcdbd elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"bfdcdbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Temperatursensor-mit-unplausiblem-Ausreisser.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Temperatursensor mit unplausiblem Ausrei\u00dfer\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTg4MCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2hldGlkYS5pb1wvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDVcL1RlbXBlcmF0dXJzZW5zb3ItbWl0LXVucGxhdXNpYmxlbS1BdXNyZWlzc2VyLndlYnAifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1442\" height=\"822\" src=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Temperatursensor-mit-unplausiblem-Ausreisser.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5880\" alt=\"Temperatursensor mit unplausiblem Ausrei\u00dfer\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Temperatursensor-mit-unplausiblem-Ausreisser.webp 1442w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Temperatursensor-mit-unplausiblem-Ausreisser-300x171.webp 300w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Temperatursensor-mit-unplausiblem-Ausreisser-1024x584.webp 1024w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Temperatursensor-mit-unplausiblem-Ausreisser-768x438.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1442px) 100vw, 1442px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Temperature sensor with implausible outlier on 24.11.2024 between 12:00 and 13:00.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f95bbba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"f95bbba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tIn the time series of a precipitation sensor, however, such fluctuations occur frequently. Therefore, values that remain exactly the same over a longer period of time are implausible &#8211; unless the value is 0. However, such measurements can occur, for example, with an optical sensor due to heavy soiling of the lens: \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d45fd38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d45fd38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Niederschlagssensor-mit-unplausiblem-Werten.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Niederschlagssensor mit unplausiblem Werten\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTg5MCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2hldGlkYS5pb1wvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDVcL05pZWRlcnNjaGxhZ3NzZW5zb3ItbWl0LXVucGxhdXNpYmxlbS1XZXJ0ZW4ud2VicCJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1435\" height=\"825\" src=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Niederschlagssensor-mit-unplausiblem-Werten.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5890\" alt=\"Niederschlagssensor mit unplausiblem Werten\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Niederschlagssensor-mit-unplausiblem-Werten.webp 1435w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Niederschlagssensor-mit-unplausiblem-Werten-300x172.webp 300w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Niederschlagssensor-mit-unplausiblem-Werten-1024x589.webp 1024w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Niederschlagssensor-mit-unplausiblem-Werten-768x442.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1435px) 100vw, 1435px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Precipitation sensor with implausible plateau on 15.11.2024 from 12:00.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-09480bb elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"09480bb\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFor water level and precipitation sensors, we must also recognize values that lie outside a certain range (less than 0, or greater than the maximum fill level for water level sensors) as implausible. An example of this has already been shown in the introduction. In this example, we have also seen that sensors that transmit at a regular fixed frequency must be recognized as faulty if measured values are missing.  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8aadfd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"8aadfd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Univariate rules to detect implausible data\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fa42555 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fa42555\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAll the implausibilities described above can already be recognized by simple univariate rules (i.e. rules that can be applied to the time series of a single sensor), which can be applied to different sensor types:\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9330ed8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"9330ed8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<br>Rule for detecting outliers: <strong>All measured values that deviate unusually strongly from the previous measured values are implausible.<\/strong> This rule applies to water level and temperature sensors.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ac94043 elementor-alert-success elementor-widget elementor-widget-alert\" data-id=\"ac94043\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"alert.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-alert\" role=\"alert\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-alert-title\">Formal<\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-alert-description\">Let <em>m<sub>t<\/sub> <\/em>:= max{ <em>v<sub>t <\/sub>- v<sub>s<\/sub> | t <\/em>- <em>d <\/em> &lt;<em> s <\/em>&lt; <em> t <\/em>} be the maximum deviation of a measured value <em>v<sub>t<\/sub><\/em> at time <em>t<\/em> from the previous measured values within a time period of length <em>d<\/em>. Let <em>Q<sub>1<\/sub><\/em> be the first quartile of all <em>m<sub>t<\/sub><\/em>, <em>Q<sub>3<\/sub><\/em> the third quartile and <em>IQR <\/em>:= <em>Q<sub>3<\/sub> <\/em>-<em> Q<sub>1<\/sub><\/em> the interquartile range. Then define all those measured values <em>v<sub>t <\/sub><\/em>as implausible for which <em>m<sub>t <\/sub><\/em>\u2209 [<em>Q<sub>1<\/sub><\/em> - <em>c<\/em>\u22c5<em>IQR<\/em>, <em>Q<sub>3<\/sub><\/em> + <em>c<\/em>\u22c5<em>IQR<\/em>], where <em>c<\/em> is a configurable factor<em>.<\/em><\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"elementor-alert-dismiss\" aria-label=\"Dismiss this alert.\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-info-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm0 110c23.196 0 42 18.804 42 42s-18.804 42-42 42-42-18.804-42-42 18.804-42 42-42zm56 254c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12h-88c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h12v-64h-12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h64c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v100h12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v24z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-abfeead elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"abfeead\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRule for plateau detection: <strong>All measured values that match the previous measured values exactly, but are not a value from a certain set of legitimate constant values, are implausible.<\/strong> This rule applies to water level, temperature and precipitation sensors, whereby 0 is a legitimate constant value for precipitation sensors.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1b1e2a4 elementor-alert-success elementor-widget elementor-widget-alert\" data-id=\"1b1e2a4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"alert.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-alert\" role=\"alert\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-alert-title\">Formal<\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-alert-description\">Let<em> L <\/em>be a possibly empty set of legitimate constant values. Define all measured values <em>v<sub>t<\/sub><\/em> <em>for which m<sub>t <\/sub><\/em>= 0 but <em>m<sub>t <\/sub><\/em>\u2209 <em>L <\/em> as implausible <\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"elementor-alert-dismiss\" aria-label=\"Dismiss this alert.\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-info-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm0 110c23.196 0 42 18.804 42 42s-18.804 42-42 42-42-18.804-42-42 18.804-42 42-42zm56 254c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12h-88c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h12v-64h-12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h64c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v100h12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v24z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0570bce elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0570bce\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRule for detecting values outside a valid range:\n<strong>All measured values that lie outside a previously defined valid value range are implausible.\n<\/strong>This rule applies to water level and precipitation sensors, where the lower limit of plausible values is 0.\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c9140f elementor-alert-success elementor-widget elementor-widget-alert\" data-id=\"6c9140f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"alert.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-alert\" role=\"alert\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-alert-title\">Formal<\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-alert-description\">Let <em>v<sub>min<\/sub><\/em>, <em>v<sub>max<\/sub><\/em> \u2208 \u211d\u222a{-\u221e, \u221e}, <em>v<sub>min<\/sub><\/em> &lt; <em>v<sub>max<\/sub><\/em>. Define all measured values <em>v<sub>t<\/sub><\/em> with <em>v<sub>t<\/sub><\/em> &lt; <em>v<sub>min <\/sub><\/em>or<em> v<sub>t<\/sub><\/em> &lt; <em>v<sub>min <\/sub><\/em>as implausible.<\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"elementor-alert-dismiss\" aria-label=\"Dismiss this alert.\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-info-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm0 110c23.196 0 42 18.804 42 42s-18.804 42-42 42-42-18.804-42-42 18.804-42 42-42zm56 254c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12h-88c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h12v-64h-12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h64c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v100h12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v24z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34a9709 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34a9709\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRule for detecting missing values:\n<strong>All periods in which no data was sent for an unusually long time are classified as faulty.\n<\/strong>This rule applies to all sensors.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fd8e53 elementor-alert-success elementor-widget elementor-widget-alert\" data-id=\"5fd8e53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"alert.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-alert\" role=\"alert\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-alert-title\">Formal<\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-alert-description\">Let d<sub>t<\/sub> := t - max{ s | there is value v<sub>s<\/sub> at time s } be the past duration at time t up to the last transmitted value. Let Q<sub>1<\/sub> be the first quartile of all d<sub>t<\/sub>, Q<sub>3<\/sub> the third quartile and IQR := Q<sub>3<\/sub> - Q<sub>1<\/sub> the interquartile range. Then define all those time periods as faulty within which d<sub>t<\/sub> \u2209 [Q<sub>1<\/sub> - c\u22c5IQR, Q<sub>3<\/sub> + c\u22c5IQR], where c is a configurable factor.  <\/span>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button type=\"button\" class=\"elementor-alert-dismiss\" aria-label=\"Dismiss this alert.\">\n\t\t\t\t<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-info-circle\" viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M256 8C119.043 8 8 119.083 8 256c0 136.997 111.043 248 248 248s248-111.003 248-248C504 119.083 392.957 8 256 8zm0 110c23.196 0 42 18.804 42 42s-18.804 42-42 42-42-18.804-42-42 18.804-42 42-42zm56 254c0 6.627-5.373 12-12 12h-88c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h12v-64h-12c-6.627 0-12-5.373-12-12v-24c0-6.627 5.373-12 12-12h64c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v100h12c6.627 0 12 5.373 12 12v24z\"><\/path><\/svg>\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d571dc8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"d571dc8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Hierarchical organization of sensors in the hetida platform\n<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0a47dbf elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"0a47dbf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEach urban drainage sensor sends its measurements to the hetida platform. Accordingly, each sensor is represented in the hetida platform as a data channel. These data channels can be organized in a hierarchical structure:  \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e2b2a8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3e2b2a8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Explorer-zur-Betrachtung-von-Sensorwerten-1.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Explorer zur Betrachtung von Sensorwerten\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTkwNywidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2hldGlkYS5pb1wvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDVcL0V4cGxvcmVyLXp1ci1CZXRyYWNodHVuZy12b24tU2Vuc29yd2VydGVuLTEud2VicCJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2546\" height=\"1237\" src=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Explorer-zur-Betrachtung-von-Sensorwerten-1.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5907\" alt=\"Explorer zur Betrachtung von Sensorwerten\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Explorer-zur-Betrachtung-von-Sensorwerten-1.webp 2546w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Explorer-zur-Betrachtung-von-Sensorwerten-1-300x146.webp 300w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Explorer-zur-Betrachtung-von-Sensorwerten-1-1024x498.webp 1024w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Explorer-zur-Betrachtung-von-Sensorwerten-1-768x373.webp 768w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Explorer-zur-Betrachtung-von-Sensorwerten-1-1536x746.webp 1536w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Explorer-zur-Betrachtung-von-Sensorwerten-1-2048x995.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2546px) 100vw, 2546px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Explorer view: Sensors arranged in the structure of the technical hierarchy of urban drainage.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cfe18d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"4cfe18d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tFor example, the city&#8217;s drainage system has decided to group all water level sensors together on one side and all meteorological sensors on the other.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-90baee7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"90baee7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/en\/hierarchical-asset-structure\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Further information on the hierarchical asset structure of the hetida platform<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c122ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2c122ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Implementation of the rules in hetida designer<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85a0fd2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"85a0fd2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>For each of the rules defined above for checking the plausibility of measurement data, we create a workflow in hetida designer that receives the time series of values measured by the sensor as input. All implausible data is identified using the rules that match the sensor type. The output is a plot of the time series in which all incorrect values are marked as such. Here is the workflow for a water level sensor, which contains the rules for the valid value range and missing data:   <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-892ec5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"892ec5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Workflow-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Workflow zur Messdatenplausibilisierung\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTg4MiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2hldGlkYS5pb1wvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDVcL1dvcmtmbG93LXp1ci1NZXNzZGF0ZW5wbGF1c2liaWxpc2llcnVuZy53ZWJwIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1222\" src=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Workflow-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5882\" alt=\"Workflow zur Messdatenplausibilisierung\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Workflow-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung.webp 2560w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Workflow-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung-300x143.webp 300w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Workflow-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung-1024x489.webp 1024w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Workflow-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung-768x367.webp 768w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Workflow-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung-1536x733.webp 1536w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Workflow-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung-2048x978.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">A hetida designer workflow for the automatic detection of implausible measurement data.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2462664 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2462664\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEach of the rules is implemented in a component, then the implausibilities recognized by these components are merged again and plotted together with the original data:\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8669c5a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"8669c5a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Zeitraeume-unplausibler-Daten.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Zeitr\u00e4ume unplausibler Daten\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTg4NCwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2hldGlkYS5pb1wvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDVcL1plaXRyYWV1bWUtdW5wbGF1c2libGVyLURhdGVuLndlYnAifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1430\" height=\"807\" src=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Zeitraeume-unplausibler-Daten.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5884\" alt=\"Zeitr\u00e4ume unplausibler Daten\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Zeitraeume-unplausibler-Daten.webp 1430w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Zeitraeume-unplausibler-Daten-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Zeitraeume-unplausibler-Daten-1024x578.webp 1024w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Zeitraeume-unplausibler-Daten-768x433.webp 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1430px) 100vw, 1430px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">The partially erroneous water level time series with highlighted periods of implausible data: At the beginning a period of missing data, then two periods with data above a valid maximum.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8984e0f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8984e0f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The workflow tool hetida designer recognizes the missing data and values above the permitted maximum and marks them with an orange background.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23550c1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23550c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/en\/agents-alarms-and-workflows\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Further information on the workflow tool hetida designer<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05a33bf elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"05a33bf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Presentation of the results in the hetida platform<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8cfaf6e elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8cfaf6e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>The urban drainage employee now creates a dashboard in the hetida platform in which she brings together all the installed sensors. For each sensor, the measured time series is sent through the hetida designer workflow that matches the sensor type and any implausibilities detected are plotted together with the time series. At the time selected here, there were three periods of implausible data in the last 24 hours and one of the sensors is still affected:  <\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4ce8e1c elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4ce8e1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figure class=\"wp-caption\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Dashboard-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung.webp\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-title=\"Dashboard zur Messdatenplausibilisierung\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6NTg4NiwidXJsIjoiaHR0cHM6XC9cL2hldGlkYS5pb1wvd3AtY29udGVudFwvdXBsb2Fkc1wvMjAyNVwvMDVcL0Rhc2hib2FyZC16dXItTWVzc2RhdGVucGxhdXNpYmlsaXNpZXJ1bmcud2VicCJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1250\" src=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Dashboard-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung.webp\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-5886\" alt=\"Dashboard zur Messdatenplausibilisierung\" srcset=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Dashboard-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung.webp 2560w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Dashboard-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung-300x146.webp 300w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Dashboard-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung-1024x500.webp 1024w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Dashboard-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung-768x375.webp 768w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Dashboard-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung-1536x750.webp 1536w, https:\/\/hetida.io\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Dashboard-zur-Messdatenplausibilisierung-2048x1000.webp 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<figcaption class=\"widget-image-caption wp-caption-text\">Dashboard view of all sensors and any implausible urban drainage data.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc42fd9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"cc42fd9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tEquipped with this dashboard, the urban drainage employee will in future be able to immediately recognize whether there is a problem with a sensor that requires human intervention. She can then find the location of the faulty precipitation sensor on the map and can take care of maintenance without long periods of faulty data or critical systems such as flood forecasting, which rely on error-free data, no longer delivering good results. \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-38cf34c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"38cf34c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><a href=\"https:\/\/hetida.io\/en\/dynamic-dashboards\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Further information on the dynamic dashboards of the hetida platform<\/a><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-66494435 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"66494435\" 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We show an example from the water industry. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":5925,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5927","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-nicht-kategorisiert"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.3 (Yoast SEO v27.3) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Univariate data plausibility checks in water management<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The hetida platform enables univariate data plausibility checks of measured values. 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